Here is a condensed list of tips that I found helped make study abroad financially accessible. I hope these help you too.
Meet with a study abroad adviser to find out what programs offer credits that relate directly to your major.
Meet with a financial aid adviser to find out how much of your financial aid package can be applied to the program.
Talk with your academic adviser (I know, a lot of advising going on here, but it really is necessary) about the programs you are interested in. Chances are they have had other students who have completed these programs and may have insights into which ones would fit you best.
Look into your scholarship options. There are endless scholarship opportunities available and it is easy to be overwhelmed trying to figure out which ones are worth your time applying to:
Abroad scholarships offered by your home university. You have better chances getting these as it is likely fewer students are applying to these as opposed to national scholarships.
Scholarships offered by your college or major-specific scholarships. Again, it is likely you will have to compete against fewer students.
Scholarships sponsored by your university's study abroad department: Your study abroad department will do everything it can to get students into programs, and part of that is helping them fund trips. Look at your department's site to see what scholarships they are promoting. They department will likely also have information on which scholarships they have seen more of their students receive which may save you some time. This is how I found the Gilman Scholarship which was instrumental in financing my trip.
Study abroad scholarships offered by the program you are interested in: Sometimes study abroad programs themselves offer scholarships to applicants.
Scholarships related to learning a foreign language: Some scholarships are exclusive to students whose programs include a foreign language component. If you are interested in learning a foreign language (or improving on your secondary language), many abroad programs include a language component. This is not only a great skill to have, it also may open up more avenues for scholarships.
Fund for Education Abroad: This is a good scholarship that is a bit more competitive, but could provide $5000 towards your trip. It also has easy access to affiliate scholarships that might apply more directly to aspect of your program.